In a recent review, researchers examined the molecular and clinical effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (SLD). These drugs mimic GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion, reducing hepatic glucose production, and improving glycemic control. They also promote weight loss, reduce alcohol intake, and may benefit liver inflammation and steatosis. The review highlights how GLP-1 receptor agonists impact various organs, including the pancreas, stomach, brain, kidneys, and liver, addressing cardiometabolic risk factors tied to SLD.

The review also explores clinical trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists for metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). While effective for obesity and type 2 diabetes, their impact on liver fibrosis is still unclear. Trials show weight loss and improved liver inflammation, but direct effects on fibrosis are under investigation. The review suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists may help reduce hepatic steatosis and inflammation, potentially leading to fibrosis regression. Researchers stress that more research with longer follow-up is needed to confirm these effects and their role in advanced liver disease.

Reference: Jensen EL, Israelsen M, Krag A. Transforming steatotic liver disease management: The emerging role of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Hepatol Commun. 2024 Oct 10;8(11):e0561. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000561. PMID: 39392766; PMCID: PMC11469819.